\(m_{O\left(X\right)}=m.25\%=0,25m\left(g\right)\)

BTNT C: \(n_Z=n_{CO}=\dfrac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\\ M_Z=18.2=36\left(g/mol\right)\)

Áp dụng sơ đồ đường chéo:

\(\dfrac{n_{CO}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{44-36}{36-28}=\dfrac{1}{1}\Rightarrow n_{CO}=n_{CO_2}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

Bán phản ứng: \(CO+O\rightarrow CO_2\)

                                 0,03<-0,03

\(\Rightarrow m_Y=m_X-m_{O\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=m-0,03.16=m-0,48\left(g\right)\)

Ta có: \(m_{KL}=m_X-m_O=m-0,25m=0,75m\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{\left(-NO_3\right)}=m_{mu\text{ối}}-m_{KL}=3,08m-0,75m=2,33m\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{\left(-NO_3\right)}=\dfrac{2,33m}{62}\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{NO}=\dfrac{0,896}{22,4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

BTNT N: \(n_{HNO_3}=n_{\left(-NO_3\right)}+n_{NO}=\dfrac{2,33m}{62}+0,04\left(mol\right)\)

BTNT H: \(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HNO_3}=\dfrac{2,33m}{124}+0,02\left(mol\right)\)

Theo ĐLBTKL:

\(m_Y+m_{HNO_3}=m_{mu\text{ối}}+m_{NO}+m_{H_2O}\)

\(\Rightarrow m-0,48+63.\left(\dfrac{2,33m}{62}+0,04\right)=3,08m+0,04.30+18.\left(\dfrac{2,33m}{124}+0,02\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow m=9,4777\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Al}=19,2\%.27,8=5,3376\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Fe}=27,8-5,3376=22,4624\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{Fe}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(4Al+3O_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow2Al_2O_3\)

\(3Fe+2O_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow Fe_3O_4\)

Theo PT : \(n_{O_2}=0,2.\dfrac{3}{4}+0,4.\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{5}{12}\left(mol\right)\)

Vì oxi chiếm 20% thể tích không khí

=> \(V_{kk}=\dfrac{5}{12}.22,4.\dfrac{100}{20}=\dfrac{140}{3}\left(lít\right)=46,67\left(lít\right)\)

Bảo toàn khối lượng ta có: \(m_{KL}+m_{O_2}=m_{oxit}\)

=> \(m_{oxit}=27,8+\dfrac{5}{12}.32=\dfrac{617}{15}\left(g\right)=41,13\left(g\right)\)

a, 

mAl=27,8.19,42%=5,4gmAl=27,8.19,42%=5,4g

⇒nAl=5,427=0,2mol⇒nAl=5,427=0,2mol

⇒nFe=27,8−5,456=0,4mol⇒nFe=27,8−5,456=0,4mol

4Al+3O2to→2Al2O34Al+3O2→to2Al2O3

3Fe+2O2to→Fe3O43Fe+2O2→toFe3O4

⇒nO2=34nAl+23nFe=512mol⇒nO2=34nAl+23nFe=512mol

⇒Vkk=512.22,4.5=46,67l⇒Vkk=512.22,4.5=46,67l

b,

mrắn=27,8+mO2=27,8+512.32=41,1g

\(m_{Al}=27,8.\dfrac{19,2}{100}=5,4\) ( g )

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\)  ( mol ) 

\(m_{Fe}=27,8-5,4=22,4\) ( g )

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{m}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\) ( mol )

\(4Al\) + \(3O_2\) →  \(2Al_2O_3\)

\(3Fe\) + \(2O_2\) →  \(Fe_3O_4\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}Al+\dfrac{2}{3}Fe=\dfrac{3}{4}.0,2+\dfrac{2}{3}.0,4=\dfrac{5}{12}\)  ( mol )

\(V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5.\dfrac{5}{12}.22,4\approx46,7\) ( \(l\) )

0,2 mol                    →       0,1 mol

\(m_{Al}=27,8.19,2\%=5,4\left(g\right)\\ m_{Fe}=27,8-5,4=22,4\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

PTHH:

4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

0,2-->0,15------->0,1

3Fe + 2O₂ --t^o--> Fe₃O₄

0,4-->4/15--------->2/15

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{kk}=\left(0,15+\dfrac{4}{15}\right).22,4.5=\dfrac{140}{3}\left(l\right)\\m_{Cran}=0,1.102+\dfrac{2}{15}.232=\dfrac{617}{15}\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

mAl=27,8.19,42%=5,4g

⇒nAl=\(\dfrac{5,4}{27}\)=0,2mol

⇒nFe=\(\dfrac{27,8-5,4}{56}\)=0,4mol

4Al+3O2to→2Al2O34

3Fe+2O2to→Fe3O4

⇒nO2=\(\dfrac{3}{4}\)nAl+\(\dfrac{2}{3}\)nFe=\(\dfrac{5}{12}\)mol

⇒Vkk=\(\dfrac{5}{12}\).22,4.5=46,67l

b,

mrắn=27,8+mO2=27,8+​​\(\dfrac{5}{12}\)32=41,1g

→⎧⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎨⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎩Vkk=(0,15+415

\(2Mg+O_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow2MgO\\ 2Cu+O_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow2CuO\\ Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=x\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=y\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=\dfrac{x}{24}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu}=\dfrac{x}{64}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ TheoPT:\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgO}=\dfrac{x}{24}\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=\dfrac{x}{64}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ Tacó:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=24\\\dfrac{x}{24}.40=25\%.\left(\dfrac{x}{24}.40+\dfrac{y}{64}.80\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=12\\y=12\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(a,n_{Al}=\dfrac{19,2\%.27,8}{27}=\dfrac{1112}{5625}\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Fe}=\dfrac{\left(100\%-19,2\%\right).27,8}{56}=\dfrac{14039}{35000}\left(mol\right)\\ 4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\\ 3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\\ n_{O_2\left(tổng\right)}=\dfrac{1112}{5625}.0,75+\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{14039}{35000}\approx0,4156762\left(mol\right)\\ V_{kk\left(đktc\right)}\approx0,4156762.5.22,4\approx46,5557344\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1112}{5625}}{2}=\dfrac{556}{5625}\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{\dfrac{14039}{35000}}{3}=\dfrac{14039}{105000}\left(mol\right)\\ m_{rắn}=\dfrac{14039}{105000}.232+\dfrac{556}{5625}.102=41,1016381\left(g\right)\)

Đáp án B

Số thí nghiệm có thể xảy ra phản ứng oxi hóa kim loại là : (1), (3), (4), (5)

Chọn D.

Bài 2:

nAl ban đầu=21,6/27=0,8(mol)

nAl dư=36.15/100.27=0,2(mol)

nAl2O3=85.36/100.102=0,3(mol)

pt: 4Al+3O2--->2Al2O3

a)nO2=3/2nAl2O3=3/2.0,3=0,45(mol)

=>mO2=0,45.32=14,4(g)

b)nAl=2nAl2O3=0,6(mol)

=>mAl=0,6.27=16,2(g)

=>%mAl p/ứ=16,2/21,6.100=75%

Định hướng tư duy giải

Ta có:

Coi hỗn hợp X gồm Fe, Cu, Al và O. Gọi số mol của N2 và N2O lần lượt là x, y mol

Ta có hệ:

x + y = 0,0775 và 28x + 44y = 15,29 . 2 . 0,0775 => x = 0,065 và y = 0,0125

=> nO = 0,285

Khi cho NaOH tơi dư không thấy có khí thoát ra → không hình thành NH4NO3

Lai có nHNO3 = 2nO + 12nN2 + 10nN2O = 1,475 mol.

=> Đáp án D